Advanced Database Management Systems
What method does RMAN use to enable fast incremental backup?
It uses a block change tracking file.
What are the default characteristics of an ASM file created with no options?
The ASM object is striped but not mirrored.
What is the difference between coarse striping and fine striping for files in a disk group?
Coarse striping spreads files in units of 1MB each across all disks, and fine striping spreads files in units of 128KB.
The _____ is an area of memory allocating dynamic sections of itself, privately for one set of connection processes.
PGA
Identify the true statement regarding incremental and differential backups.
A differential backup is the default type of incremental backup and backs up all changed blocks since the last level 0 or level 1 incremental backup.
Which of the following roles should you grant to the recovery catalog owner?
When you want to restore backup, either to the same database or to a different database, you must specify the decryption password with ________
is a block of executable code designed to perform a specific task
background process
backup of a database involves reading a set of database rows and writing them to a file
logical
Which of the following is the default substitution variable for the FORMAT clause of the BACKUP command?
%t
a database ______ is the smallest unit of storage in Oracle.
block
Is in charge of redo log buffer management. It is one of the most active processes in an instance with heavy DML activity.
LGWR
You have lost the most recent archived redo log files from the recovery catalog database as well as the tablespace containing the RMAN catalog. You can do an incomplete restore of the recovery catalog database to a point in time after the target databases were registered with the recovery catalog. What commands can you use to resynchronize the target database’s metadata and backup information with the recovery catalog database?
Use the RESYNC CATALOG command to update the recovery catalog with the latest records from the target database’s control file and the CATALOG START WITH command to record any additional backups that are no longer in the target database’s control file.
If a user connection is dropped or a user process otherwise fails, ______ does the cleanup work
PMON
You have just received a pager alert indicating that the flash recovery area is below 3 percent free space. Which view and column can you query for a possible corrective action for this space condition?
DBA_OUTSTANDING_ALERTS, SUGGESTED_ACTION
To enable password encryption for a specific backup, use the ______ command
set encryption
The net service name of your target database is DW and the net service name of your recovery catalog database is RCAT. The environment variable ORACLE_SID has a value of RCAT. Which of the following sets of commands will successfully create a recovery catalog?
connect catalog rman/rmanpass
create catalog;
is an optional area of the SGA. It is used for transactions that interact with more than one database, message buffers for processes performing parallel queries, and RMAN parallel backup and restore operations.
large pool
writes new or changed data blocks (known as dirty blocks) in the buffer cache to the datafiles.
database w riter
backups back up all changed blocks since the last level 0 incremental backup
cumulative incremental
You have created a virtual private catalog to separate your RMAN administration duties among several DBAs for 20 different databases. Which role must you grant to each virtual catalog owner to allow the person to access existing registered databases?
RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER
If you are recovering one or more tablespaces or the entire database from backups that have different passwords, you can conveniently specify all the passwords at once with _______
set decryption
If you do not use a recovery catalog, what data dictionary or dynamic performance views must you query to retrieve RMAN backup information?
The V$ views on each target such as V$BACKUP_SET and V$DATAFILE_COPY
contains two major subcaches: the library cache and the data dictionary cache.
shared pool
If you want to use two-way mirroring (normal redundancy) for a new disk group, how many failure groups do you need?
Two failure groups.
Which of the following does not occur when you register a target database with the recovery catalog database using the REGISTER DATABASE command?
Information about manual tablespace backups is registered in the recovery catalog.
What is the difference between a full backup and a whole database backup?
A full backup consists of a backup of one or more datafiles or tablespaces, whereas a whole database backup contains all datafiles, for all tablespaces plus the control file.
is used by the Oracle JVM (Java Virtual Machine) for all Java code and data within a user session.
java pool
Under what circumstances would you use the RMAN command UPGRADE CATALOG?
When you are using a version of the recovery catalog that is older than that required by the RMAN target database client.
You have configured backup optimization for your database using CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON. For which of the following commands will RMAN not skip a backup if the files are identical?
BACKUP TABLESPACE USERS;
If you specify the initialization parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST, what other initialization parameter must be set?
DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST_SIZE
backup is the default type of incremental backup that backs up all changed blocks since the last level 0 or level 1 incremental backup
differential
When you want to create a duplexed backupset, what is the maximum number of copies of each backup piece you can create with one BACKUP command?
A maximum of four.
The _______is the next level of logical grouping in the database
extent
is a group of extents that form a database object that Oracle treats as a unit, such as a table or index.
holds the most recent changes to the data blocks in the datafiles.
redo log buffer
backups involve copying the files that constitute the database. These backups are also referred to as file system backups because they involve using operating system file backup commands.
What is the difference between an RMAN local script and an RMAN global script?
A local script is available only for a single target database.
In the case of a system crash or instance failure, due to a power outage or CPU failure, the ______, performs crash recovery by applying the entries in the online redo log files to the datafiles.
system monitor
You run the following command to create a whole database backup:
RMAN< backup as copy database spfile plus archivelog delete input;
What does the DELETE INPUT clause do?
After the backup completes, RMAN deletes the archived log files from the flash recovery area and any other archived log file destinations.
Your server’s physical memory is 8GB and no other applications or Oracle instances are running on the server. For a new Oracle instance running a decision support system, what is a good starting point for setting PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET?
3.2GB
Before running the first replay, you must perform some prerequisite checks: Ensure that the target system has access to the replay directory
To use guaranteed restore points, you must also enable these prerequisites: The COMPATIBLE initialization parameter must be 10.2 or higher.
Which of the following initialization parameters is not required to configure Flashback Database operations?
UNDO_RETENTION
To use guaranteed restore points, you must also enable these prerequisites: You must have archived redo log files available starting from the time of the first guaranteed restore point.
Question text The SGA is a group of memory structures for an Oracle instance that are shared by the users of the database instance
It refers to one of the log file status in V$LOG described as The log is being cleared by ALTER DATABASE CLEAR LOGFILE. After being cleared, the status changes to UNUSED.
clearing
It refers to one of the log file status in V$LOG described as the log group is not needed for instance recovery, may be in use for media recovery, and may or may not be archived
Inactive
Identify the true statement about Automatic Memory Management (AMM).
MEMORY_MAX_TARGET enables AMM, and it is a dynamic parameter.
To use guaranteed restore points, you must also enable these prerequisites: You must have a flash recovery area configured.
To use guaranteed restore points, you must also enable these prerequisites: The database must be running in ARCHIVELOG mode
What happens to the rows in FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY when part of the transaction is no longer available in the undo tablespace?
The OPERATION column contains the value UNKNOWN.
backout options: NOCASCADE Back out only the specified transaction, if possible.
Access Paths Analyze the impact of creating new indexes, materialized views, and partitioning.
Which of the following initialization parameters is not valid?
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST = ‘SERVICE=RMTDB99’
Which of the following initialization parameters control Automatic Shared Memory Management (ASSM)?
SGA_TARGET
Recorded client request contains the information: Bind values
The database buffer cache holds blocks of data from disk that have been recently read to satisfy a SELECT statement or that contain modified blocks that have been changed or added from a Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement.
Which of the following statement is not true regarding database backups?
As of Oracle Database 11g, RMAN supports only online backups.
Which of the following are not RMAN standalone commands?
ALLOCATE CHANNEL
Statistics Analysis Check for stale or missing statistics, and recommend refreshing or creating them
SQL Profiling Collect auxiliary statistics on a SQL statement along with partial execution statistics and store them in a SQL Profile.
The point in time or SCN to which the tablespace will be recovered.
target time
The four steps to create a set of recommendations are as follows:
1. Create a task
2. Define the workload
3. Generate the recommendations
4. Review and implement the recommendations
Using Database Replay consists of four main steps:
1. Workload capture
2. Rsps Workload preprocessing
3. Workload replay
4. Analysis and reporting
You can use DELETE_REPLAY_INFO to delete a report in the replay directory.
The SQL Tuning Advisor performs all but which of the following analyses?
Changes to materialized views
backout options: NONCONFLICT_ONLY Back out changes to nonconflicting rows of the specified transaction only
What is the maximum number of database writer processes (DBWn) in an Oracle database instance?
20
Identify the true statement about Flashback Data Archives.
If you do not specify a RETENTION clause for a Flashback Data Archive, you must specify it when assigning a table to the Flashback Data Archive.
The group of datafiles containing the tablespace(s) to be recovered.
Which of the following columns is not in the data dictionary view FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY?
ORA_ROWSCN
Recorded client request contains the information: SQL text
Which of the following procedures will run a SQL Tuning Advisor job against a SQL Tuning Set?
DBMS_SQLTUNE.EXECUTE_TUNING_TASK
backout options: CASCADE Back out all transactions and their dependent transactions.
Before running the first replay, you must perform some prerequisite checks:Remap connection strings to the replay system from the production system.
backout options: NOCASCADE_FORCE Back out the specified transactions, ignoring dependent transactions. Rsps
You want to switch from AMM to ASMM. What is the correct statement you need to run?
alter system set memory_max_target = 0;
After the capture operation is complete, the captured information must be preprocessed by transforming the captured data into replay files that can be easily replayed on the target system
Which of the following data dictionary views contains a list of the tables using a Flashback Data Archive?
DBA_FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_TABLES
You want to remap your database links so that they do not reference production database objects. Within which Database Replay step do you perform the remapping?
During the workload replay step
Before running the first replay, you must perform some prerequisite checks:Remap references to other production systems via database links, external .tables, directory objects, URLs, and E-mail notifications.
Performance tuning is the final step in a four-step process: planning, implementing, and monitoring must precede it.
Which of the following procedures will run a SQL Access Advisor job against a single SQL statement?
DBMS_ADVISOR.QUICK_TUNE
Choose the four best commands from the following list that you would use to enable ARCHIVELOG mode, and put them in the correct order:
1. STARUP MOUNT
2. SHUTDOWN ABORT
3. ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
4. STARTUP FORCE
5. ALTER DATABASE ENABLE ARCHIVELOG;
6. ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
7. SHUTDOWN NORMAL
8. ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
9. SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
9, 1, 3, 8
Structure Analysis Restructure the SQL statements to see if better execution plans are generated
It refers to one of the log file status in V$LOG described as the log group has not been used yet.
unused
The SQL Tuning Advisor analyzes one or more SQL statements sequentially, examining statistics, and potentially recommends creating a SQL profile, new indexes, materialized views, or a revised SQL statement.
When using the VERSIONS BETWEEN clause for Flashback Version Query, what can’t you use to restrict the number of rows returned by the query?
A guaranteed restore point
Recorded client request contains the information: Transaction information
To create a duplicate database, put the following steps in the correct order:
1. Start the auxiliary instance as NOMOUNT.
2. Allocate auxiliary channels if necessary.
3. Run the RMAN DUPLICATE command.
4. Create a password file for the auxiliary instance.
5. Ensure network connectivity to the auxiliary instance.
6. Open the auxiliary instance.
7. Start the source database in MOUNT or OPEN mode. 8. Create an initialization parameter file for the auxiliary instance.
9. Create backups or copy existing backups and archived log files to a common location accessible by the auxiliary instance.
4, 5, 8, 1, 7, 9, 2, 3, 6
Which of the following clauses is not valid for the RMAN DUPLICATE command?
SKIP OFFLINE
Identify the correct statement regarding TSPITR terminology.
The recovery set is the group of datafiles containing the tablespace(s) to be recovered.
Which of the following background processes exist in both an ASM instance and an RDBMS instance, and also support ASM disk groups?
RBAL
At which level does ASM perform mirroring?
At the database object level
What is the value for INSTANCE_TYPE in the init.ora file or SPFILE for an ASM instance?
ASM
Which of the following parameters are required for an ASM instance?
INSTANCE_TYPE
What happens to the state of an ASM instance when a connected RDBMS instance fails?
There is no effect on the ASM instance.
Which two dynamic performance views can you use to identify files that need to be backed up, regardless of whether you are in ARCHIVELOG mode or NOARCHIVELOG mode?
V$DATAFILE and V$CONTROLFILE
DUPLICATE command: NOFILENAMECHECK Don’t check for duplicate filenames between the source and destination databases.
RMAN makes it easy to make a full copy or a subset of a target database.
The RMAN SWITCH command is equivalent to what SQL command?
ALTER SYSTEM RENAME FILE
The types of user-managed backup you can perform are dependent on whether your database is running in ARCHIVELOG mode.
Backing up the control file for a database running in ARCHIVELOG mode produces the same end result as the method you use in NOARCHIVELOG mode.
Place the following commands in the correct order for restoring a control file from an RMAN autobackup:
1. RECOVER DATABASE
2. ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS
3. STARTUP NOMOUNT
4. ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
5. RESTORE CONTROLFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP
3, 5, 4, 1, 2
Which of the following methods can you use to retrieve the current System Change Number (SCN)?
Query the CURRENT_SCN column of the V$DATABASE view.
Identify the correct statement regarding duplicate databases created with RMAN.
RMAN copies the database from the target to the duplicate database and both can have the same name.
DUPLICATE command: SKIP TABLESPACE Exclude specific tablespaces, except for SYSTEM and UNDO.
You will perform complete closed database recovery. Put the following steps in the correct order.
1. Open the database to users.
2. Identify files needed for recovery.
3. Start up the database in MOUNT mode.
4. Bring the datafiles online.
5. Apply archived and online redo log files to roll forward.
6. Oracle applies undo to roll back uncommitted changes.
7. Restore recovery-related files containing committed and uncommitted transactions
2, 7, 4, 3, 5, 1, 6
The three possible states of a log file group are INACTIVE, ACTIVE, and CURRENT.
Identify the data dictionary view you can use to check for object dependencies between tablespaces.
TS_PITR_CHECK
If you lose all of the tempfiles from your temporary tablespace, what is the most likely result noticed by your users?
The users can’t use ORDER BY or GROUP BY in their queries.
You have lost all online control files. Specify the correct order for the following tasks:
· Restore the control file from backup or run CREATE CONTROLFILE.
· Start database recovery and specify the keywords BACKUP CONTROLFILE.
· Start up the database in MOUNT mode.
· Open the database with RESETLOGS.
· Shut down the database.
5, 1, 3, 2, 4
When you run the RMAN RESTORE CONTROLFILE command, where does RMAN put the previous version of the control file?
To all locations defined by the CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter unless overridden with the TO ‘>filename
What is the difference between a critical and a noncritical datafile in a recovery scenario?
To recover a critical datafile, the database must be in MOUNT mode. To recover a noncritical datafile, the database can be open.
You set the initialization parameter BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVES to TRUE. What effect does this have on the type of I/O that the server processes perform for RMAN if you are using tape?
Tape I/O is automatically asynchronous.
SCN-based incomplete recovery works well if your applications save the SCN at critical points in a process flow, or the alert or trace logs indicate a serious error as of a particular SCN.
The group of datafiles containing the tablespace(s) to be recovered
recovery set
A default installation of the Oracle database using the Oracle Universal Installer with a seed database, or using the Database Creation Assistant, will automatically create a password file.
Which is the best method for recovering a tempfile?
Add another tempfile to the TEMP tablespace and drop the corrupted or missing tempfile while the database is running.
A distinct advantage to using ARCHIVELOG mode is that you can perform online backups (also known as hot backups), while the database is available to users.
Recovery falls into one of two general categories: complete and incomplete.
Your database is running in NOARCHIVELOG mode, and you perform occasional incremental level 1 backups in MOUNT mode. To what point in time can you recover the database if you lose a datafile for the USERS tablespace?
You can recover the entire database up to the point in time of the last incremental level 1 backup
key tuning parameters for the BACKUP command: _________ The maximum number of input files that a channel can have open at a given time.
Maxopenfiles
Other datafiles required to recover the tablespace(s), such as the datafiles for the SYSTEM, UNDO, and TEMP tablespaces
auxiliary set
Which tablespaces contain critical datafiles that must be recovered when the database is offline?
SYSTEM and UNDO
key tuning parameters for the BACKUP command: ______________ The maximum size of a backup piece per channel.
MAXPIECESIZE
Which of the following is not a valid status for an online redo log group?
INVALID
key tuning parameters for the BACKUP command: ____________ The maximum number of files per backupset.
filesperset
DUPLICATE command: OPEN RESTRICTED When the destination database is ready, open it immediately with the RESTRICTED SESSION option.
Which of the following two dynamic performance views can you use to identify the relationship between Oracle server sessions and RMAN channels?
V$PROCESS and V$SESSION
You can use V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO to monitor asynchronous RMAN I/O. What column or columns do you use to determine which file is the bottleneck during a backup?
